Cancer researcher earns 9th retraction, for image duplication

Journal of Clinical InvestigationAlfredo Fusco, a researcher in Italy who has been under criminal investigation for scientific misconduct, has earned his ninth retraction.

Retraction number nine, by The Journal of Clinical Investigation, is for duplicating data from another publication — which has also faced questions on PubPeer about image manipulation, along with many other papers by Fusco.

The retraction note for “The RET/PTC-RAS-BRAF linear signaling cascade mediates the motile and mitogenic phenotype of thyroid cancer cells” explains that the journal is pulling the paper even though the authors claim that they can reproduce the data:

At the request of the corresponding author, the JCI is retracting this manuscript. The corresponding author recently notified the JCI that multiple microscopy images in Figure 2B were previously published and were used to represent different samples in another publication by the corresponding author’s group (1). The authors have stated that experimental data produced ad hoc are consistent with those in the original publication; however, the paper is being retracted due to data duplication and misrepresentation in the original publication.

The 2005 paper has been cited 226 times, according to Thomson Reuters Web of Science.

That paper cited in the note, “The Oncogenic Activity of RET Point Mutants for Follicular Thyroid Cells May Account for the Occurrence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Patients Affected by Familial Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma,” was published in 2004 by The American Journal of Pathology. On PubPeer, commenters suggested that another figure in that paper resembles one from a previously published paper co-authored by Fusco, and some parts of a figure appear to be duplicated within the paper itself.

Fusco is an author on both papers, which share a few authors including the first and last authors: Rosa Marina Melillo and Massimo Santoro, both affiliated with the University of Naples. Fusco is also listed at the University of Naples. We’ve reached out to Fusco, Santoro (the corresponding author) and to the university for more information.

We’ve also contacted the editor of The American Journal of Pathology to see if the journal has looked into the paper mentioned in the retraction note.

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67 thoughts on “Cancer researcher earns 9th retraction, for image duplication”

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    1. Figure 1a has been replaced in a 2016 correction.

      http://www.nature.com/onc/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/onc2016139a.html

      The authors wish to replace Figure 1a with the following figure, which shows an alternative experiment. Representative ATC (anaplastic thyroid carcinoma) (n=6) and PTC (papillary thyroid carcinoma) (n=6). samples were analyzed for the expression of the miR-30d, miR-125b, miR-26a, miR30a-5p. As control, three normal thyroid samples were used. The results confirm the strong downregulation of the examined miRs in ATC but not in PTC samples. For this experiment, qRT-PCR analysis was performed in 6 papillary (PTC1-6) and 6 anaplastic (ATC1-6) thyroid carcinoma samples. cDNAs were generated by using miScript Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA), and amplifications were performed by using miScript SYBR Green PCR Kit (Qiagen) and miScript Primer Assays for miR-30d, miR-125b, miR-26a, miR30a-5p and U6 for normalization (Qiagen). Reactions were performed in duplicate in a real-time CFX96 thermocycler (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). The relative quantity of each microRNA was normalized to the U6 RNA amount by using the 2-DDCt formula and the values indicate relative expression levels in tumor samples±s.d. compared with average expression levels of three normal thyroid samples.

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    Author information
    1Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, II Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/13955DF2DEE158B7C685A5468CBB93

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    1Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Universita` degli Studi di Napoli, Napoli, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/22564666

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  37. Mol Oncol. 2013 Jun;7(3):531-42. doi: 10.1016/j.molonc.2013.01.002. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
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    Mussnich P1, D’Angelo D, Leone V, Croce CM, Fusco A.
    Author information
    1Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR, c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia di Napoli, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.

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  38. BMC Cancer. 2013 Sep 24;13:433. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-433.
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    Author information
    1Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, CNRz, via S Pansini, 5, Naples 80131, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/24059746

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    Author information
    1Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR c/o Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/20530667

    http://i.imgur.com/1Kzj90r.jpg

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    1Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica G. Salvatore, Catanzaro, Italy.

    http://i.imgur.com/oCC6gSF.jpg

    1. We were aware of this mistake just after getting the paper published. And this was referred to the ed. Original actin is available.

  41. Cancer Res. 2009 Mar 1;69(5):1844-50. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-4133. Epub 2009 Feb 17.
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    1Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia di Napoli, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/19223528

    http://i.imgur.com/UMPAh8F.jpg

  42. J Pathol. 2008 May;215(1):39-47. doi: 10.1002/path.2323.
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    Fedele M1, Franco R, Salvatore G, Paronetto MP, Barbagallo F, Pero R, Chiariotti L, Sette C, Tramontano D, Chieffi G, Fusco A, Chieffi P.
    Author information
    1IEOS, CNR and Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Università di Napoli ‘Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/18241078

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    1Laboratorio Oncologia Sperimentale III, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, via M. Semmola, 80131 Napoli, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/17639054
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    Author information
    1Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare and Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR, University of Naples Federico II, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/17914116

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    1Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, University ‘Federico II’, Naples, Italy.

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    1Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Molecolare e Cellulare, Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/17616978

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    Author information
    1Section of Pharmacology, Department of Oncology, Biology and Genetics, Univertsity of Genova 16132 Genova, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/17021051

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    1Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/16510570

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    1Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR e Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Università di Napoli Federico II, via S, Pansini, 5 80131 Napoli, Italy.

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    1Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare e/o Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia di Napoli, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II,” Naples, Italy.

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    1Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare c/o Centro di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.

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    Author information
    1Department of Biology and Molecular/Cellular Pathology, c/o CNR Center for Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/12573034

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    Author information
    1Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/12640109

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    1Oncologia Sperimentale E, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Napoli, Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/12481941

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  55. J Biol Chem. 2002 Feb 1;277(5):3280-5. Epub 2001 Nov 21.
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    Pero R1, Lembo F, Palmieri EA, Vitiello C, Fedele M, Fusco A, Bruni CB, Chiariotti L.
    Author information
    1Centro di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del CNR “G. Salvatore,” Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, “L. Califano” Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II,” via S. Pansini, 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/11719514

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  56. J Biol Chem. 2012 May 25;287(22):18308-17. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M112.346270. Epub 2012 Apr 9.
    POZ-, AT-hook-, and zinc finger-containing protein (PATZ) interacts with human oncogene B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) and is required for its negative autoregulation.
    Pero R1, Palmieri D, Angrisano T, Valentino T, Federico A, Franco R, Lembo F, Klein-Szanto AJ, Del Vecchio L, Montanaro D, Keller S, Arra C, Papadopoulou V, Wagner SD, Croce CM, Fusco A, Chiariotti L, Fedele M.
    Author information
    1Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Università di Napoli Federico II and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Naples, Italy.

    http://www.jbc.org/content/289/21/14966.short

    Western blot images representing PATZ, BCL6, and tubulin in Fig. 6C did not accurately represent the experimental results. Different lanes were erroneously duplicated. Lane 3 of the PATZ panel was duplicated in lane 7; lane 4 of the PATZ panel was duplicated in lanes 5 and 6; lane 1 of the BCL6 panel was duplicated in lane 2; lane 4 of the tubulin panel was duplicated in lane 7; and lane 5 of the tubulin panel was duplicated in lane 6. The authors have provided an image from a replicate experiment. This correction does not affect the interpretation or conclusions of this work.

  57. Cell Growth Differ. 2000 Oct;11(10):517-26.
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    Author information
    1Servizio Oncologia Sperimentale E, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Naples, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/11063125

    http://i.imgur.com/tCPTapA.jpg

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  58. J Clin Invest. 1999 Oct;104(7):865-74.
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    Author information
    1Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori “Fondazione Senatore Pascale,” 80131 Naples, Italy.

    https://pubpeer.com/publications/10510327

    http://i.imgur.com/FDLF5nj.jpg

  59. Massimo Santoro is first author on this paper.
    https://mcb.asm.org/content/mcb/16/12/7072.full.pdf

    Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Dec;16(12):7072-83.
    Constitutive activation of the RON gene promotes invasive growth but not transformation.
    Santoro MM1, Collesi C, Grisendi S, Gaudino G, Comoglio PM.
    Author information
    1
    Institute for Cancer Research, University of Turin Medical School, Italy.

    See: https://pubpeer.com/publications/98703576DA83129585FD718DFFAE52

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