Papers and peer reviews with evidence of ChatGPT writing

Retraction Watch readers have likely heard about papers showing evidence that they were written by ChatGPT, including one that went viral. We and others have reported on the phenomenon.

Here’s a list — relying on a search strategy developed by Guillaume Cabanac, who has been posting the results on PubPeer — of such papers that we’ll keep updated regularly. We also recommend Alex Glynn’s Academ-AI. Have a suggested entry? Use this form.

  1. “Analysis of student responses toward activities using e-learning in higher education,” Journal of Engineering Researcher and Lecturer (PubPeer comment)
  2. “Factors influencing the Supply Chain Management in e-Health using UTAUT model,” Electronic Research Archive (PubPeer comment)
  3. “RETRACTED: Alzheimer’s Disease Prediction using MRI Images: Hybrid IV3-VGG19 Model,” Research Square (PubPeer comment)
  4. “Topology Optimization of a Steering Knuckle,” International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research (PubPeer comment)
  5. “Deperssion Detection in Naturalistic Environmental Condition,” Journal of Population Therapeutics & Clinical Pharmacology (PubPeer comment)
  6. “Translation of the Islamic Terms with Reference to Selected Quranic Verses,” International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation (PubPeer comment)
  7. “Hormone Therapy for Cancer: Treating Hormone-Sensitive Tumors,” Center For Open Science (PubPeer comment)
  8. “Experimental study of solar PV/T panel to increase the energy conversion efficiency by air cooling,” Materials Today Proceedings (PubPeer comment)
  9. “A Comparative Analysis of the 2008 Economic Crisis between the United States and Europe: Causes, Consequences, and Policy Responses,” International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis (PubPeer comment)
  10. “HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION AND INFORMATION VISUALIZATION,” International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science (PubPeer comment)
  11. “Machine learning paradigm and application area of deep learning and types of neural network,” International Journal of Communication and Information Technology (PubPeer comment)
  12. “Hybrid intelligent intrusion detection system for multiple Wi-Fi attacks in wireless networks using stacked restricted Boltzmann machine and deep belief networks,” Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience (PubPeer comment)
  13. “Two-Child Policy, Housing Wealth Stratification and Multi-Child Birth Rate,” SSRN (PubPeer comment)
  14. “A HPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of Nadolol in rat plasma: Development, validation, and application to pharmacokinetic study,” European Journal of Mass Spectrometry (PubPeer comment)
  15. “An evaluation metric for image retrieval systems, using entropy for grouped precision of relevant retrievals,” Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems (PubPeer comment)
  16. “Corrosion protection of Zn-Mo coatings electrodeposited from alkaline solutions,” Surface and Coatings Technology (PubPeer comment)
  17. “Hexapod Robot Gait Switching Based on Different Wild Terrains,” 2023 IEEE 12th Data Driven Control and Learning Systems Conference (DDCLS) (PubPeer comment)
  18. “Assessing the impact of Higher Order Network Structure on Tightness of OPF Relaxation,” arXiv (PubPeer comment)
  19. “Performance Improvement of Model View Controller based Applications through Linda’s-Key,” 2023 International Conference on Signal Processing, Computation, Electronics, Power and Telecommunication (IConSCEPT) (PubPeer comment)
  20. “Modern trends for the application of biological control and modern technologies in agricultural projects,” International Journal of Modern Agriculture and Environment (PubPeer comment)
  21. “Controlling Mouse Movement Using Hand Gestures and Voice Commands,” 2023 4th International Conference for Emerging Technology (INCET) (PubPeer comment)
  22. “Evaluation of Hypertension Patient Management During Family Medicine Trainee Education,” Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi (PubPeer comment)
  23. “The Efficacy of Transvaginal Ultrasound-Guided BoNT-A External Sphincter Injection in Female Patients with Underactive Bladder,” Toxins (PubPeer comment)
  24. “Comparison of Edge Computing Scheduling Algorithms,” 2023 18th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI) (PubPeer comment)
  25. “AI can manage Stress created due to English Language learning,” 2023 IEEE Renewable Energy and Sustainable E-Mobility Conference (RESEM) (PubPeer comment)
  26. “Design and Implementation of Smart Hydroponics Farming for Growing Lettuce Plantation under Nutrient Film Technology,” 2023 2nd International Conference on Applied Artificial Intelligence and Computing (ICAAIC) (PubPeer comment)
  27. “Exploring cardiac impact of oral nicotine exposure in a transplantable Neoplasm Mice Model: Insights from biochemical analysis, morphometry, and molecular docking: Chlorella vulgaris green algae support,” Toxicology (PubPeer comment)
  28. “Retracted: Exploring new optical solutions for nonlinear Hamiltonian amplitude equation via two integration schemes,” Physica Scripta (PubPeer comment)
  29. “Assessing Academic Performance Using Ensemble Machine Learning Models,” 2023 International Conference on Circuit Power and Computing Technologies (ICCPCT) (PubPeer comment)
  30. “Current Situation and Countermeasures of County School Predicament: Taking Yixian Middle School as an Example,” Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Education, Knowledge and Information Management, ICEKIM 2023, May 26–28, 2023, Nanjing, China (PubPeer comment)
  31. “Revitalizing our earth: unleashing the power of green energy in soil remediation for a sustainable future,” Environmental Science and Pollution Research (PubPeer comment)
  32. “Removed: Cancer Treatment: Surgery, Radiation Therapy, Chemotherapy, and Immunotherapy,” Center for Open Science (PubPeer comment)
  33. “Synergistic Corrosion Protection of Zn-Mo Coatings Electrodeposited from Alkaline Solutions,” SSRN (PubPeer comment)
  34. “Exploring the Progress and Mechanisms of Hydrogen Evolution Catalyzed by Cobaloximes: A Comprehensive Review,” Inorganic Chemistry (PubPeer comment)
  35. “High-Performance Spectral Algorithms for Hypergraph Compression,” Stevens Institute of Technology PhD thesis (PubPeer comment)
  36. “Real-Time Object Detection and Audio Feedback for the Visually Impaired,” 2023 3rd Asian Conference on Innovation in Technology (ASIANCON) (PubPeer comment)
  37. “The Role of Islamic Mentoring in Developing Students’ Character in the Faculty of Islamic Studies, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta,” Proceedings of the International Conference on Islamic and Muhammadiyah Studies (ICIMS 2023) (PubPeer comment)
  38. “Interactive Digital Notice Boards for Universities in Ghana,” African Journal of Applied Research (PubPeer comment)
  39. “Simulation study on the influence of electronic component heat generation on BGA solder joint thermal fatigue,” International Conference on Electronic Materials and Information Engineering (EMIE 2023) (PubPeer comment)
  40. “Detecting Tags for Real-Time Objects in Images Using the Yolo-V3 Algorithm,” 2023 4th International Conference on Smart Electronics and Communication (ICOSEC) (PubPeer comment)
  41. “The Impact of Battery Charging and Discharging Current Limits on EV Battery Degradation and Safety,” 023 3rd Asian Conference on Innovation in Technology (ASIANCON) (PubPeer comment)
  42. “Differential and Time-Discrete SEIRS Models with Vaccination: Local Stability, Validation and Sensitivity Analysis Using Bulgarian COVID-19 Data,” Mathematics (PubPeer comment)
  43. “Advancements in low-temperature NH3-SCR of NOx using Ba-based catalysts: a critical review of preparation, mechanisms, and challenges,” Environmental Science and Pollution Research (PubPeer comment)
  44. “3D MODEL VISUALIZATION FUNCTION FOR RESPONSIVE WEB DESIGN,” Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics (PubPeer comment)
  45. “The Economic Climate in Bangladesh,” Doing Business in Bangladesh and Sri Lanka (PubPeer comment)
  46. “The Current Generation 5G and Evolution of 6G to 7G Technologies: The Future IoT,” Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing (PubPeer comment)
  47. “A Comparative Analysis of Fake Image Detection in Generative Adversarial Networks and Variational Autoencoders,” 2023 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Applications (DASA) (PubPeer comment)
  48. “Classification and Grading of Cataracts Using a Deep Convolutional Neural Network,” Abyssinia Journal of Engineering and Computing (PubPeer comment)
  49. “Analisis Pelaksanaan Pendaftaran Tanah Sistimatis Lengkap (PTSL) Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Halmahera Timur (Studi Pelaksanaan Program Tingkat Desa Di Kabupaten Halmahera Timur),” Zenodo (PubPeer comment)
  50. “The Influence of Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Reporting Aggressiveness on Tax Aggressiveness with Corporate Environmental Performance as a Moderating Variable,” Jurnal Audit, Pajak, Akuntansi Publik (AJIB) (PubPeer comment)
  51. “Assessing Exoplanet Habitability through Data-driven Approaches: A Comprehensive Literature Review,” arXiv (PubPeer comment)
  52. “Impact of Industry 4.0 and circular economy on lean culture and leadership: Assessing digital green lean as a new concept,” European Research on Management and Business Economics (PubPeer comment)
  53. “A robust hybrid machine learning model for Bengali cyber bullying detection in social media,” Natural Language Processing Journal (PubPeer comment)
  54. “Utilization of E-commerce for fossil fuels allocation and green recovery,” Resources Policy (PubPeer comment)
  55. “The Telehealth Chain: a protocol for secure and transparent telemedicine transactions on the blockchain,” arXiv (PubPeer comment)
  56. “Credit Card Fraud Detection with Auto Encoders and Artificial Neural Networks,” 2023 14th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT) (PubPeer comment)
  57. “Assessing the Impact of Higher Order Network Structure on Tightness of OPF Relaxation,” 2023 North American Power Symposium (NAPS) (PubPeer comment)
  58. “Eating behavior of adolescent girls in countries with a high prevalence of stunting under five: a systematic review,” Frontiers in Psychology (PubPeer comment)
  59. “Single Functional Index Quantile Regression for Functional Data with Missing Data at Random,” Econometrics (PubPeer comment)
  60. “Image Classification using Different Machine Learning Techniques,” TechRxiv (PubPeer comment)
  61. “針對符號回歸之值域與綁定基因編程演算法 (Ranging-Binding Genetic Programming for Symbolic Regression),” National Taiwan University Library (thesis) (PubPeer comment)
  62. “The dream scaffold,” Design Ecologies (PubPeer comment)
  63. “An SPSS Analysis of the Effects of Online and Offline Classes on Students,” Contemporaneity of English Language and Literature in the Robotized Millennium (PubPeer comment)
  64. “Lexico-Stylistic Functions of Argotisms in English Language,” Journal Of Advanced Zoology (PubPeer comment)
  65. “Google Appstore Data Classification Using ML Based Naïve’s Bayes Algorithm: A Review,” Complex Networks and Their Applications VIII (PubPeer comment)
  66. “Phytoremediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Soil,” Cadmium Toxicity Mitigation (PubPeer comment)
  67. “A comparative analysis of blended learning and traditional instruction: Effects on academic motivation and learning outcomes,” PLOS ONE (PubPeer comment) (Retraction)
  68. “Industrial 5.0 Aquaponics System Using Machine Learning Techniques,” 2023 7th International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology (ICECA) (PubPeer comment)
  69. “Instantaneous Electricity Peak Load Forecasting Using Optimization and Machine Learning,” Energies (PubPeer comment)
  70. “Nd2O3– doped borate/phosphate glasses for optical and radiation shielding applications: fabrication, physical, optical as well as gamma-ray attenuation capacity,” Optical and Quantum Electronics (PubPeer comment)
  71. “Automatic Detection of Coagulation of Blood in Brain Using Deep Learning Approach,” Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering (PubPeer comment)
  72. “Successful management of an Iatrogenic portal vein and hepatic artery injury in a 4-month-old female patient: A case report and literature review,” Radiology Case Reports (PubPeer comment)
  73. “Ensemble learning based-features extraction for brain mr images classification with machine learning classifiers,” Multimedia Tools and Applications (PubPeer comment)
  74. “The three-dimensional porous mesh structure of Cu-based metal-organic-framework – aramid cellulose separator enhances the electrochemical performance of lithium metal anode batteries,” Surfaces and Interfaces (PubPeer comment)
  75. “Emotion recognition from unimodal to multimodal analysis: A review,” Information Fusion (PubPeer comment)
  76. “Role of NGOs in Rural Development in Nepalese Context,” Researcher CAB: A Journal for Research and Development (PubPeer comment)
  77. “Internet of things in the field of civil engineering,” International Journal of Advances Engineering and Civil Research (PubPeer comment)
  78. “Analysis of student responses toward activities using e-learning in higher education,” Journal of Engineering Researcher and Lecturer (PubPeer comment)
  79. “ESC&RAO: Enabling Seamless Connectivity Resource Allocation in Tactile IoT for Consumer Electronics,” IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics (PubPeer comment)
  80. “The problem of national and supranational criteria for the protection of constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan,” Journal of actual problems of jurisprudence (PubPeer comment)
  81. “Sustainable urban design for slums,” International Journal of Advances Engineering and Civil Research (PubPeer comment)
  82. “Make-A Match untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Sisindiran Siswa SMP,” JALADRI : Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Bahasa Sunda (PubPeer comment)
  83. “Hybrid CNN & Random Forest Model for Effective Turmeric Leaf Disease Diagnosis,” 2023 3rd International Conference on Smart Generation Computing, Communication and Networking (SMART GENCON) (PubPeer comment)
  84. “Redefining Comfort and Alignment with Customizable Posture Corrective Cushion,” 2023 7th International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology (ICECA) (PubPeer comment)
  85. “Human Action Recognition by Learning Spatio-Temporal Features with Deep Neural Networks,” E3S Web of Conferences (PubPeer comment)
  86. “Editorial 32 (2),” African Security Review (PubPeer comment)
  87. “Superconductors, High Tc,” Encyclopedia of Condensed Matter Physics (PubPeer comment)
  88. “A Model to Stock Price Prediction using Deep Learning,” 2023 International Conference on Sustainable Computing and Smart Systems (ICSCSS) (PubPeer comment)
  89. “Systematic Literature Review on Ontology-based Indonesian Question Answering System,” Knowledge Engineering and Data Science (PubPeer comment)
  90. “Real-Time Ray-Tracing with Vulkan for the Impatient,” ACM SIGGRAPH 2023 Courses (PubPeer comment)
  91. “DevOps for Edge Computing: Challenges and Solutions,” 2023 3rd International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Social Networking (ICPCSN) (PubPeer comment)
  92. “Exploring key aspects: Structure, properties, production, and oil & gas applications of graphene and its nanoribbons − A comprehensive review,” Geoenergy Science and Engineering (PubPeer comment)

Peer Reviews

  1. “Operational Decisions on Remanufacturing under the Product Innovation Race,” Sustainability (PubPeer comment)
  2. “The Involvement of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Apoptosis Mechanisms and Their Implications in Cancer,” International Journal of Molecular Sciences (PubPeer comment)

Author Responses to Peer Reviews

  1. “Insights into COVID-19 and Its Potential Implications for Kidney Dysfunction,” International Journal of Translational Medicine (PubPeer comment)